Proposal for purchasing new computers Case Study

Proposition for buying new PCs - Case Study Example The new screen has a more extensive screen than the more seasoned one and is smooth which helps in sparing the space on employee’s work area for different purposes. The new screen empowers representatives to deal with more than each application and window in turn and the speed of moving starting with one window then onto the next is even very high which spares time. The new screen is created from LED innovation which is vitality productive and will help the organization in setting aside cash in type of vitality. The new CPUs (Central Processing Units) can work on the two Windows 7 and Widows 8, these windows give new highlights to representatives which will help them in making spreadsheets and directing different activities identified with the records office. These new Windows work an a lot higher speed when contrasted with the out of date ones which are running on Windows XP. These new PCs have improved security frameworks which shields the work directed by the representative s of the records division and battles infections and spyware issues. HP Business Desktop Pro 6300 B5N09UT Desktop Computer Intel Core i3 2120 33GHz Micro Tower by Office Depot Officedepot.com (2012a) HP Business Desktop Pro 6300 B5N09UT Desktop Computer Intel Core i3 2120 33GHz Micro Tower by Office Depot. [online] Available at: http://www.officedepot.com/an/items/614333/HP-Business-Desktop-Pro-6300-B5N09UT/#firstTab [Accessed: 27 Dec 2012]. Samsung S23B300B 23 Widescreen LED Backlit Monitor Glossy Black by Office Depot Officedepot.com (2012b) Samsung S23B300B 23 Widescreen LED Backlit Monitor Glossy Black by Office Depot. [online] Available at: http://www.officedepot.com/an/items/281614/Samsung-S23B300B-23-Widescreen-LED-Backlit/#firstTab [Accessed: 27 Dec

Airline Demand Forecast Free Essays

string(50) a flexible driver for carrier request generation. STIMATION OF AIR TRAVEL DEMAND IN TURKEY ENAR TUNC, Orhan sIvrIkaya* Okan UNIVERSITY Title: ESTIMATION OF AIR TRAVEL DEMAND IN TURKEY Orhan Sivrikaya*(Candidate Phd. ), OKAN UNIVERSITY Tel: 0-532-4265392 Fax: [0-212-4652299] Email: osivrikaya@live. com Enar Tunc, Professor of Industrial Engineering, OKAN UNIVERSITY Keywords * Domestic Air Transportation, City Pair, Origin and Destination, Demand, Forecast, Gravity Model, Multivariate Regression and Detour Factor. We will compose a custom article test on Aircraft Demand Forecast or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Complete Page: 11 Abstract Precision in evaluating aircraft advertise request is a key component while a carrier is arranging its present moment or long haul marketable strategy paying little heed to its the state of affairs being an officeholder or new business. Turkish local market of air travel industry has been drastically developed lately particularly after the deregulation initiating on the recharging of air transportation arrangement in 2003. Anyway there isn't any significant logical research in the writing to break down the deciding variables on air travel request of local city combines in Turkey. A multivariate relapse model is produced so as to fit the air travel request in number of travelers conveyed. The model depends on total individual market which comprises of on-line city sets. The model is discovered fundamentally delegate inside the trial information out of the years 2008 and 2009 including the starting point and goal sets for 40 on-line urban communities. At that point, the model is tried by utilizing 2010 figures so as to contrast forecast esteems and real figures. Exactness level is seen as empowering for potential new air terminals or potential new courses to be assessed by utilizing the model evaluations. . Presentation The deregulation of air transportation showcase in Turkey in 2003 has begun progressive changes in the aircraft business. New government having the objective to build the bit of air travel out of all methods of neighborhood transportation endeavored to urge more aircraft organizations to enter the market and empower them to offer progressively a ppealing costs by charge slicing explicit to the carrier area. Cost situated rivalry has worked to create huge aircraft traveler traffic. Minimal effort Carriers have added to practice a manageable two digit development by taking traveler traffic from transport transportation because of shortening the hole between relative costs. Turkish Airlines as an inheritance bearer has reacted to basic changes in the market by applying dynamic valuing approach and development system to profit by economies of scale bringing about increment in profitability. Large changes in carrier traveler traffic in Turkey make a test to affirm any asserting model worked to gauge air travel request. Macroeconomic or segment changes don't appear to be liable for entire lift in air travel request. Rivalry multiplied or significantly increased accessible seat limit on certain courses with the goal that it was required an alternate system to produce extra request to accomplish in agreeable burden factor which is a key exhibition marker for aircraft gainfulness. Aircraft traffic is more often than not considered as a noteworthy pointer for the presentation of the nation’s whole industry since it is exceptionally associated with the quantity of business occasions and connections with different ventures at the same time. In this way, it infers that adjustments in economies may impact aircrafts traffic in a roundabout way. Be that as it may, aircraft explicit parameters like ticket cost and degrees of rivalry are additionally expected to be fundamental driver for traveler request other than the macroeconomic variables. The supportable achievement of any association or organization is firmly related with how well administration or leaders can anticipate the future and create fitting techniques. The target of this investigation is to analyze the interest size for air transport in Turkey and show its suggestions for air transport arranging. 2. Foundation It has been seen all through the aftereffects of the past research in the iterature that one of the most significant issue to build up a prescient model is to pick the correct blend of the factors which speak to the deciding components associated with the model. These factors are sorted by two subgroups (Carson et al. 2010): 1. Geo-financial matters Factors: which comprise of land attributes, conservative exercises, social factor and so on 2. Administrati on Related Factors: which are identified with aircraft subordinate variables. The other conspicuous part of model age is the degree of estimate which can be ordered by two gatherings also; 1. Infinitesimal Model: Airport explicit or city pair explicit information is included with the end goal that it alludes the absolute number of approaching and active travelers per specific air terminal or per city pair. 2. Naturally visible Model: Region or nation explicit information is included to such an extent that it alludes to accumulated number of travelers in an area or nation paying little heed to root or goal city. Total Individual Market (AIM) figure outflanks the total methodology since the guaging power picked up by abusing heterogeneous data across business sectors rules the anticipating power lost because of estimation of numerous coefficients (Carson et al. 2010). Neighborhood gives off an impression of being more important in deciding nearby Oamp;D travel than of national data, for example, total national output (Bhadra 2003). â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- 3. Diagram OF THE determ? nants for air traveler request ? n Turkey is spread over a wide land territory and street ways are not satisfactorily developed for all bearing. Subsequently, air transportation should have more offers out of complete insights in local transportation covering all conceivable city sets. While the hole between relative costs is being abbreviated, an ever increasing number of individuals think that its moderate to fly. This examination is expecting to discover the deciding components which are worried to transform potential interest into air travel travelers. The proposed model isn't just to clarify genuine traffic results yet in addition to appraise potential traffic between cross urban communities which are not associated straightforwardly or to assess disconnected urban communities to fabricate new air terminal. Populace, total national output per capita and work rate are considered as the main macroeconomic elements behind air travel request as portrayed in the Table 1. Normal passage stimulatingly affects aircraft request as Brons et al. 2002) brought up that ticket cost is a flexible driver for aircraft request age. You read Carrier Demand Forecast in classification Papers There are additionally explicit pointers for a specific city pair traffic speaking to intuitiveness between the concerning urban areas, for example, separation and number of vagrants from one another. The quantity of transp ort enlisted in a city is demonstrating the volume of transport transportation which is viewed as contrarily related with air travel request. Since number of bearers as a level of rivalry adds to showcase development, it is likewise installed in the model expecting a positive connection with air travel request. Table 1 Commonality in Types of Variables Variable’s Name| Percentage of Occurrence*| GDP| 50. 0 %| GDP for each Capita| 35. 7 %| Unemployment Rate| 14. 3 %| Fuel Price| 7. 1 %| Number of Employees| 7. 1 %| Population| 42. 8 %| Average Fare| 57. 1 %| CPI| 14. 3 %| Trade for every Capita| 14. 3 %| Exchange Rate| 14. 3 %| Service Frequency| 28. 6 %| Distance| 42. 8 %| Expenditures| 7. 1 %| * The rates are determined out of an example of 14 distinctive applicable articles. The vast majority of the agendas between city sets are not straightforwardly associated that implies air travelers travel with corresponding flights by means of at least one exchange focuses. On the off chance that there is no immediate help the fake variable travel gets 1 and 0 in any case. Normally, travelers would not like to fly with corresponding flights so it is foreseen to be contrarily influencing air travel request. 4. ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATION information, Methodology and results Data accessibility is primary issue when information inclusion is chosen. Test model depends on the information of the two years 2008 and 2009 since every single illustrative variable are accessible inside the predetermined period. There are 40 on-line goals in residential system in Turkey. This number of goals can hypothetically create 1560 distinctive beginning and goals (Oamp;D’s) on which direct or corresponding flights are conceivable. Anyway test doesn't cover information for all conceivable on-line Oamp;D’s in light of the fact that some city sets which are at close separation are not significant to fly with corresponding flights or the concerning flights are not associated one another. There are 231 city sets which are presented with non-stop flights, while the rest of the city sets are seen as flown by corresponding flights through a suitable residential center. Under the supposition of roughly a similar number of Oamp;D’s for every year, information size will be copied for the two year’s period. Air terminal measurements for every single booked transporter are utilized in the exploratory model as a wellspring of the needy variable. Move traffic is expelled from the insights for every city pair, since the proposed model is to gauge unadulterated Oamp;D traveler by utilizing information explicit to the relating city sets. Normal costs for every city pair are evaluated by utilizing airlines’ site. Street separation between the urban communities is taken from the site of the General Directorate Highways of Turkey. Populace of the urban communities, GDP per capita of the urban communities, the quantity of transients between the urban communities, the quantity of transport enrolled in the city’s record and work pace of the urban areas are acquired from the Bureau

How to Use Cause and Effect Analysis to Solve Any Problem

How to Use Cause and Effect Analysis to Solve Any Problem Mistakes are an indispensable part of every business, big or small. Sometimes, a mistake in your business is a real setback and can lead to a total disaster. On the other hand, it can also be a great opportunity for your business to expand even further.It all depends on how you take the mistakes and what necessary measures you take to solve the problem. Your task as an entrepreneur is to detect all the problems in your business and find their solutions before things get out of hand.It is not enough to discover and remove problems only. It is equally important to find preventive measures for all the problems, so they would never reoccur.In fact, problem solving is considered as one of the most important aspects of any business. Some companies even hire specialists whose only task is to solve problems that occur from time to time. They mostly consider various underline causes of the problems such as the interaction design, product design or service design to come up with a wide range o f solutions.However, it is also imperative to define the problem clearly to discover the right solution. The definition should include everything from its root causes to the ways it is affecting the business. There are many tools that allow entrepreneurs to target specific solution of any business problem.One such tool is the Cause and Effect Analysis Method or Diagram (CEA). This particular method enables businessmen to fully explore and define a problem before start looking for its solutions and thus, it is a great tool to prevent similar complications in the future as well. ISSUES WITH TRADITIONAL PROBLEM SOLVING METHODSBefore we discuss the Cause and Effect Analysis Method in detail, it is appropriate to discuss some of the reasons why traditional problem solving techniques in businesses do not produce the desired results. In this regard:Most of these methodspartially solve the problems.Or, they solve the problem without identifying the root causes and reasons why it occurred in the first place.They solve the problem temporarily. In most cases, the problems reoccur and considerably harm your business.Sometimes you end up identifying the reasons that are not causing the problems you are finding solutions for.Most entrepreneurs do not see the problem solving process as a business improvement process. Therefore, they normally do not pay much attention to the critical problems harming their business and leave them to others to handle.HOW CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS METHOD CAN HELP?How you can prevent your business from suffering a horrible fate? You can avert the disaster through proper analyses of the situation, identifying main causes of the problem and preventing them from happening again and this is what Cause and Affect Analysis does for you.Japanese Professor Kaoru Ishikawa first proposed the idea of Cause and Effect Analysis in his book “Introduction to Quality Control”, first published in 1990. Professor Ishikawa is also the pioneer in the field of Q uality Management. There are many other names of the CEA such as Ishikawa Diagram, Herringbone Diagram and Fishbone Diagram because the final diagram drawn in the Cause and Effect Analysis looks exactly like a fish skeleton.Professor Ishikawa originally introduced Fishbone Diagrams for the purpose of quality control only. However, businessmen started using it as a tool to analyze various business processes especially identification of bottlenecks in the production process and problem solving.The Fishbone diagram not only enables you to identify the causes of any problem and how it is hindering business growth but also to take preventive measures to avoid any such occurrence in the future. Cause and Effect Analysis is actually a two steps process. Firstly, you look back in the past and analyze what has gone wrong and secondly, you plan for things to come by looking into the future.Looking Back in the Past.  This step involves identifying all the areas in which you made mistakes. You actually look into the past, analyze your mistakes and try to find all possible causes. By identifying the most problematic areas, you actually take necessary measures to prevent mistakes and problems in the future. Similarly, if any area of your business performed brilliantly, you can be able to replicate the performance in the future by applying CEA.Looking into the Future.  This step involves anticipating any future scenarios and planning for them well in advance. In this step, you contemplate about future problems and find their workable solutions. Similarly, you also plan how to further build on your possible business success in the years to come. In fact, you plan what to do in the present and determine future outcome of your business based on the steps you are going to take.IMPORTANCE OF CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSISCause and Effect Analysis is one of the most popular and powerful tools for finding root causes of problems and their solutions.In this regard, a cause is root if its removal prevents the problem from reoccurring any time in future. Similarly, the problem becomes casual if it only affects the outcome of a process or an event. Therefore, the removal of the casual cause improves a business process but does not prevent a problem from reoccurring.Most business use Cause and Effect Analysis to improve their operational activities. However, there is no reason why this extremely useful tool cannot be used to identify and solve problems in projects. In fact, the project manager can successfully detect root cause of a problem that is adversely affecting the project and ultimately remove it if he manages to use Cause and Effect AnalysisMethod effectively. Unlike other popular tools, you can use CEA over and over again because it aims at continuous improvement in business processes.As the CEA helps you understand the underlying causes of a failure or problem, it can also enable you to develop a system or actions to sustain the correction. Similarly, Fishbo ne diagrams cannot only assist you in detecting problems but it also categorizes these causes into useful groups for future reference.Similarly, CEA is unique in a way that it ensures you don’t deviate of the right path and always seek solutions for the actual problems and their causes.WHAT IS A FISHBONE DIAGRAM?A Fishbone diagram is the final outcome of any cause and effect analysis carried out for determining causes and finding solutions of a problem. In fact, it is a way to look at all these causes and their effect on business visually. Fishbone diagrams enable us to brainstorm causes of a mistake or problem more easily and effectively as compared to other tools such as Lessons Learned. It is a more structured approach of accomplishing this important task. Most often, it is used in conjunction with 5 Whys Analysis, another approach to carry out CEA.The head of the fish displays the actual problem or mistake under discussion. Then there are smaller bones which list all the possi ble contributory causes in various categories. The right side of the “fish” actually lists all the problems whereas the left side denominates the possible root causes. Furthermore, you can group these causes into four distinct categories that are people, machines, materials and methods. These categories can have many further subcategories as well.Now we discuss each of these categories in some detail.PeopleAll the causes created by human actions fall into this category. This category determines whether the employees are sufficiently experienced and trained? Are they good in communicating their needs and problems? Do they understand their tasks and assignments?MachinesThis category is related to the problems caused by issues with computers, machines, installations and tools etc. In this stage, you determine whether the workers used the right tools or machines? Do the machines meet minimum requirements to perform a task? Are they safe enough? Is there any problem with the installa tion of the machines? Are they reliable or not?MaterialThe material you are using to develop your products can also cause a lot of problems for your business. You need to determine whether the material you used was of reasonable quality or not? Did you use substandard material which resulted in the failure of the final product? Was there any issue with semi-finished products and consumables?Similarly, you can also find answers to the questions like how long a material will last or has it enough resistance against foreign elements.MethodsThis category investigates whether work methods were responsible for the problem or not?You need to ascertain how your departments and employees communicated with each other? Were the business processes or work methods adequate and capable enough to carry on a special task?These categories are commonly referred to as 4M’s. However, it is not mandatory to use only these four categories or areas in your diagram. There are many other options available to you such as:The 4 P’s: Place, Procedure, People, Policies.The 4 S’s: Surroundings, Suppliers, Systems, Skills.The 5 M’s: Machine, Method, Material, Man Power, and MeasurementSimilarly, many organizations create their own categories or areas in the Fishbone Diagram depending upon their needs and objectives.Fishbone diagrams distinctly differentiate between the causes and their effects. Following is one of the examples of a Fishbone Diagram. A Typical Example of a Fishbone DiagramHOW TO DO CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS? After explaining the Fishbone Diagrams in detail, it is now time to discuss how to use them to do Cause and Effect Analysis. The purpose of the Fishbone Diagram in general and the CEA in the particular is to analyze all the findings together and determine the most important factors to solve a problem or attain a goal.There are usually four steps in Cause and Effect Analysis that are identification of the problem, brainstorming or identifying major factors that are part of the problem, determining root causes and finally, development of an action plan to resolve these problems. Step 1:   Identifying the ProblemMultiple causes can lead to a single problem. Therefore, it is your duty to clearly identify and address the problem in this stage if you want to find the right solutions.For the sake of explanation, we take the example of a design studio. In the first step of CEA, they have determined that they are not getting much business due to lack of creativity among their designers.Therefore, the main problem is the lack of creativity which will be displayed on the head of the Fishbone diagram as shown in the following figure. Step 2: Identifying the Main Factors      After determining the main problem, the second step is to identify the main causes why designers are lacking creativity. In this particular example, the four main causes are people, machines, material and manpower.In this example, we are using the 4 M’s method of categorizing causes.You can drag a line from the cause side on the left for each of the four categories to connect them to effect or problem on the right side. Step 3: Investigating CausesThe third step is to determine and investigate all of the causes responsible for the lack of creativity. You need to thoroughly explore your business processes. Similarly, you need to run system check of all your equipment and find if there is any fault with it.Do the computers you have provided to your designers are able to run the latest designing software? Do you provide your employees with excellent work environment? Are the employees satisfied with their jobs and roles? Do they get enough compensation for their services? Do they really understand the design process? Do your project managers brief them about the projects?Similarly, other causes include hiring people with wrong skills, fixed working hours, lack of necessary training, lack of motivation or skill and underappreciated or undervalued performances etc. These may be some of the reasons why designers do not exhibit much creativity in their work. In this stage, the Fishbone Diagram will look li ke as under. Step 4: AnalyzeOnce you have organized all of the causes into their respective categories and the diagram is complete, you need to analyze and discuss each of the above problems with your managers and designers. It is even better if you further categorize the problems depending upon the level of their influence on the problem and priority.You may also need to use various research methods such as surveys, focus groups and interviews to understand different causes. For instance, you can interview each designer to learn how much he understands the design processes. Subsequently, you can use the findings to develop relevant training programs or courses for your employees in order to address the problem of insufficient knowledge.In our example, the Cause and Effect Analysis will enable both the managers and designers to find the actual problem related to lack of creativity in the team and find the right solutions. CEA actually investigates the relation between the possible causes of a pro blem and its effect on the business. You get a better understanding of how each cause is contributing to the final problem. Similarly, you are able to address each problem based on its priority. This is exactly what you need to do as the owner of your design company to promote creativity within your team of designers.It is also in this step that you develop a clear action plan for future. The action plan should contain clear priorities, goals and objectives and should be implemented as soon as possible. Similarly, the plan should describe in detail how you are going to solve all the problems and sub-problems for good. You also need to follow your plan vigorously for it to be effective.You can also convert a sub-cause such as lack of motivation into a full-fledged action plan, the purpose of which is to promote staff motivation through various incentives. As a result, staff engagement and productivity will enhance and ultimately, the profitability will improve.THE 5 WHYS? You can als o use another extremely useful tool that is the 5 Whys in conjunction with the Fishbone Diagram to carry out CEA. As the title suggests, you can ask 5 different questions or “Whys” to determine the root cause of any problem. Following is an example of how to use this particular technique.Why are we not getting much business of late?Because there is lack of creativity in our design team.Whyis there lack of creativity in our team?Because there is lack of motivation.Why is there lack of motivation?Because they do not have the latest equipment as designers in some other companies do.Why don’t they have the latest equipment?Because the project manager didn’t deem it necessary to purchase sophisticated laptops to run modern designing software.Why he made the decision not to buy latest equipment?Because he does not have enough knowledge of design process and its requirements. He is actually an accounts manager who was appointed as overall project manager because of his loyalty to t he organization. All he does is to find the ways to save money.You can reach to the root causeof every problem you face by asking 5 Whys. Furthermore, the 5 Whys technique also helps you find smaller problems and their causes and sub-causes quite easily.SOME TIPS FOR USING CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS METHOD EFFECTIVELYThere are some really nice tips for effectively using CEA to find business problems and their exact causes. Some of these tips include but are not limited to the following.Encourage all members of your team to participate.Apply all the brainstorming rules because it is essentially a brainstorming session.Only discuss one idea at a time. It will encourage your team members to come up with more creative ideas.The person discussing the idea should also mention which bone of the fish it belongs to.Pin a single idea to multiple bones if possible. For instance, the lack of motivation in above example can go to both machine and manpower bones.Do not start analyzing problems and causes while you are drawing a diagram. Similarly, never criticize anyone while he is presenting his ideas. This also include non-verbal criticism such as leaving the meeting or shaking of your head.Try to find new ideas from any idea being discussed.You should always use the major bones to find sub-causes of the problem. For instance, think about how your business methods and procedures can cause the problem under discussion.Return to each idea and cause that has already been discussed. Try to develop smaller bones or branches by asking questions like “Why does that happen?” or “How does that happen?”Always be honest and open. You should have the courage to state the cause or idea which no one else wants to openly discuss.SOME ADVANTAGES OF CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS METHODWe have already discussed a lot of disadvantages of the CEA. Some more advantages of the method are as under.It helps you define the relationship between problems and their causes.The method works on the principle of joint brainstorming sessions.CEA prevents you from adopting traditional thinking methods which distract you from the actual problems. On the other hand, brainstorming steers you towards attaining your actual goal.You eventually reach to the root cause of every problem through brainstorming and asking 5 Whys repeatedly.A fishbone diagram helps you identify both the root and casual causes of the problem. Subsequently, you can prioritize the causes and handle them accordingly.SOME DISADVANTAGES OF DEAThere are certain demerits of everything and DEA is no exception. In this regard, following are some of the disadvantages of DEA.Brainstorming can result in time and energy drain.Brainstorming sometimes leads to irrelevant causes of problems as well.Brainstorming does not consider facts and evidences and is only a bunch of different opinions.If you are dealing with complex problems, you will have to draw a really big diagram with a lot of branches and smaller bones. This may t ake a lot of time, energy and space.It is difficult to show complex interrelationship of multiple causes and factors on the diagram.CONCLUSIONCause and Effect Analysis Method is a great tool to solve both simple and complex business problems. It is easy to understand and simple to implement.In most cases, it helps you reach the exact cause of the problem, enabling you to find the right and long lasting solutions as well.

The Shawshank Redemption By Frank Darabont - 1000 Words

The Shawshank Redemption directed by Frank Darabont is a 1994 American drama film set in the Ohio State Reformatory in Mansfield, Ohio. The film is an enthralling film about the survival of one of its prisoners, Andy Dufresne, the protagonist convicted to life imprisonment in Shawshank prison during 1947. Facing incarceration, Andy’s character as a city banker forms a relationship with a prison inmate ‘Red’ to fight despair. Darabont uses film techniques such as camera work, soundtrack and lighting and colour to present the main theme of hope. The theme of hope intentionally revealed is that the hope of identity are the key to redemption as the prisoners confront ‘institutionalism’. Hope can be conceived as an innovation to ‘get busy living’. Frank Darabont conveys the theme of hope as the key to survival in the prison. The protagonist, Andy Dufresne is a resourcefully calm intelligent character. Andy Dufresne is a character sent to prison due to the murder of his wife and her lover. During the opening scenes the directors convince the audience that the character of Andy Dufresne is as a pleasant man. This shows that the audience expectations are defeated because the audience would not suspect a man like Andy Dufresne to end up in jail. Andy’s clam characteristics are provoked during the scene he is abused by â€Å"the sisters† but as Andy is approached to be calm character he approaches the situation with intellect over violence. He is shown to differ from other characterShow MoreRelatedThe Shawshank Redemption By Frank Darabont1910 Words   |  8 PagesThe Shawshank Redemption is an American film written and directed by Frank Darabont. It was filmed the United States—specifically Maine—but the Ohio State Reformatory was set as the fictional Shawshank Prison and in 1994 , Castle Rock Entertainment produced the film. Overview and Relevance The general perspective of the film is portrayed through the lives and stories of many of the prisoners of Shawshank. 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The Shot Long/medium/close-up: Roger Deakins, the film’s cinematographer, and director Frank Darabont worked together to create this wonderful and classical film heavily utilizing long shots, close ups, and slow zooms. Throughout the film â€Å"Shawshank Redemption†, a series of shots take place where theRead MoreSpellbinding Metamorphosis. The Evolution Of The Shawshank1321 Words   |  6 PagesSpellbinding Metamorphosis The evolution of the Shawshank Redemption, from the literary prose of Stephen King to the cinematography of director and screenplay writer Frank Darabont, is nothing short of a spellbinding metamorphosis. Stephen King, diverging from his prolific tales of horror, presented his audience, Different Seasons, a collection of novellas in which, â€Å"Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption†, is included. It is a story of the hope, courage and friendships that, main character

Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges Essay

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Strategic Analysis of Reed Elsevier Plc Free Essays

Abstract This paper analyses the corporate and business strategies of Reed Elsevier, one of FTSE 100 companies that has a conspicuous global presence. Reed Elsevier is an information and publishing establishment that deals with science, legal, risk, medical and business sectors. Through creating strong brands, the company has created a loyal customer base that is imperative in ensuring growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis of Reed Elsevier Plc or any similar topic only for you Order Now This has been achieved by investing in sources of new information that differentiate and widen the services and products offered, thus expanding in new geographic regions and market segments. The paper further evaluates challenges facing the organization which include slow global economic growth and growing competition. In addition, the paper offer recommendations on the sections of corporate strategy that needs to be improved. Introduction Reed Elsevier is one of the best performing global organisations. It is ranked at 64 among the FTSE 100 companies and has a market capitalisation of 6.34 billion. As an information and publishing entity it deals with science, legal, risk, medical and business sectors. It comprises of Reed Elsevier NV and Reed Elsevier PLC, making it a dual listed company. Reed Elsevier has a global presence and its purpose is to provide data, analysis, and information to consumers globally. The company is internet based and provides information mainly to its subscribers. The organisation has strong corporate and business strategies that satisfy the needs of customers, thus making it a commercial and academic organisation. Challenges facing the company are the fear of its shares plummeting and stiff competition. Corporate strategies The company aims at offering customers high quality content and services to fulfill their needs. In addition, the organisation has a large article database making it accessible to numerous customers. Through strong brands, the company has created a loyal customer base that is imperative in ensuring growth (Norton-Taylor, 2005). This has been achieved by investing in sources of new information that differentiate and widen the services and products offered, thus expanding in new geographic regions and market segments. Through mergers and acquisition, the organisation has managed to increase its size and customer base, attracted new customers, and formulated new products that suit the current trends in the market. The company’s corporate strategy is aimed at delivering innovative and authoritative solutions that are engrained in the customer’s workflow, thus making them valued partners (Edward, 2010). Through technology, skills and collective experience, the organisation h as enhanced cost efficiency measures that have reduced waste and improved profitability. Through adept cost accounting measures, the organization has managed labor, time and resources to its advantages (Brian, 2009). Strengthening and reshaping of portfolio has assisted the company in allocating resources and costs through selective acquisition and internal investment thus accelerating business growth. The major acquisitions undertaken by the organisation are acquisition of choice point in 2008 at a price of $4.1 billion and purchase of U.S online data business from investcorp for $530 million (Edward, 2010). Managing corporate finance portfolio has played a key role in building revenue momentum, high cash generation, good margin improvement, growth adjusted earnings per share and growth in return on capital. Elsevier strengths include sustaining a large global market by increasing demand for academic information, providing high quality and authoritative content, generating large amount of revenue through subscription and other revenue generating avenues such as advertisements. Nonetheless, Elsevier puts more emphasis on operational efficiency that enables it to fund investment in new products, and recruiting skilled and talented human resources (Edward, 2010). Although the corporate strategy has ensured its tremendous growth, the organization has several drawbacks that include high prices for services and its journals and its advertisements that favor arms culture. Other challenges are slow global economic growth and growing competition(Brian, 2009). Business strategies Currently, the company has a presence in 200 locations globally and this has played a key role in ensuring its increased annual revenue and capitalisation. The largest percentage of revenues generated by the organization is from subscription of its titles and services. It has around 30,000 employees who include editorial teams, marketers, IT specialists, and sales and customer care staff. To ensure that the organisation focuses on the needs of customers, the company has five major divisions that include; Elsevier, LexisNexis Risk Solutions, LexisNexis Legal Professional, Reed Exhibitions and Reed Business Information all dealing in different products and services with a global reach. An essential component of business strategy employed by the company is its values, which guide the behavioral patterns of its people towards providing right services and products, to enable the company to achieve tremendous growth. These values also affect the strategies that it develops for external and internal stakeholders. It focuses at responding to the needs of the customers by developing innovating services and products. Strategy that need to be improved Given the fact that internet has become a global issue, any organization whose products are based on the internet experience high level innovation, technology and competition. As such, Reed Elsevier needs to improve its corporate strategy in order to maintain a large niche in the market. The company faces several challenges that include slow global economic growth and rivalry (Norton-Taylor, 2005). The global economic growth parameter is beyond the control of the company but Reed Elsevier needs to tackle the ever growing competition. Competition can be tackled by constantly developing new products that fit all sectors of the market, reducing its subscription price to enhance sales, introducing free online journals to direct traffic to its site, and partnering with other sites that would be essential for its business. In addition, the organization should emphasize on its merger and acquisition strategy to promote growth in business, obtain new technology and skilled staff and develop user friendly systems. Conclusion Reed Elsevier is one of the greatest companies in terms of capitalisation that has managed to tap a large base of customers. In order to continue expanding and attract more customers, it should continue developing new brands and enhance its technological innovation to be above the standards of its competitors. References Norton-Taylor, R . (2005). Banned stun guns and leg irons advertised at arms fair. (Online) Available from: http://www.theguardian.co.uk. Retrieved 21st April, 2012. Brian, S. (2009). Even Media About the Media Are For Sale. (Online) Available from: http://www.newyorktimes.com. Retrieved 21st April, 2012 Edward, G. (2010). Reed-Elsevier Building Big Presence in the U.S. (Online) Available from: http://www.newyorktimes.com. Retrieved 21st April, 2008 How to cite Strategic Analysis of Reed Elsevier Plc, Essay examples

The Ice Stom And Scence And Sensibility Essays - Emotions

The Ice Stom And Scence And Sensibility The Ice Storm and Scene and Sensibility Ang Lee Merritt McMullen Ang Lee directed both Ice Storm and Scene and Sensibility; these are stories of dysfunction families that have to deal with the variety of problems that occur. Even with the known fact that one story takes place in modern day while the other occurs in Elizabethan times; there are a number of similarities. As characters search for stability, long for lust or love, and keep their feelings locked inside; their downfall soon follows, but as they return from silence they will find happiness. Mikey seeks stability in his life of chaos and troubles. He yearns for this stability because he lacks a secure family lifestyle. The Dashwood sisters are much like Mikey in the since that they too yearn for a steady lifestyle with one man. They are in a constant search for a husband that would give them the stable life that they long for. As for both Mikey and the sisters this stability causes death. Mikey is fascinated with molecules and the cleanliness; he believed the molecules had stopped when they were frozen. Everything being frozen is a symbol of stability, but this is an illusion because the ice will soon melt and therefore no longer be stabile. Immediately after Mikey sits down and finds his solid base death follows. He is completely drawn into the wires and flashing lights; these wires portray a snake. This snake is a symbol for the temptation for sex within his family, so in a since his families obsession for sex kills him. The Dashwood sisters yearn for a husband, but as they become quite close, their loved ones then escape for London. As the ice appeared solid, so did the two couples love, but just as the ice melted, so does the love. The sisters feel pain and sorrow; so much that their hearts in a since almost die. In the Ice Storm, a modern day movie, the characters desire sex and lust for one another. In Scene and Sensibility, set in the past, the characters desire love and a husband, not once did they show a couple even kiss. Agg Lee shows how people in the past had different morals and standards then we do today. But the longing for sex and affairs are equal to the longing for love, in the past. The key parties in a since are equal to London, they both symbolize the breaking of relationships. The key parties are the official rock bottom in a couple's relationship; true love which should be the basis in the relationship is not being valued. Similar to this in London is where all the truth is reveled and the couples officially breakup; at this point the sister's have also hit rock bottom within their lives. The social classes keep lovers away from happiness, true love and stability; just as the key parties keep the family distant from happiness and a stable life. Silence from withholding emotion causes further problem within the family relationships. In the final scene of the Ice Storm the family gets in the car and a silence reigns over them as the father begins to sob. To me this silence stands for despair. In the previous scenes when something went wrong and the parents both knew it occurred they would say to be silent or we are going to ruin everything. And this final scene is parallel to all those previous moments. The whole family knew something terribly wrong had occurred with both the death and the sexual affairs, so in result there is just a long silence in which they are covering up their problems instead of facing them and in the end the father can no longer handle all the hidden emotions and begins to cry. The young girl Margaret in Sense and Sensibility realizes her family never talks about their problems as they occur. This is awarkward because she, in the beginning, hid from any problem or change her tree house or under a table . Miss Dashwood (the oldest sister) would hold back all her emotions toward Edward Farris; she would not share her feelings for him with even her sister. Along with